Hoʻohana ʻia i ka hope pulu o ka hana pepa

ʻO nā surfactants no ka hoʻonui ʻana he mau kemika wai hoʻopau koʻikoʻi e hāʻawi i ka pale wai i ka pepa a me ka pepa pahu. Hoʻohana nui ʻia lākou no ke kākau ʻana, paʻi ʻana, paʻi ʻana, a me ka pepa hana a me ka pepa pahu.

ʻO nā ʻano nui o nā mea hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻana he rosin-based sizing agents a me synthetic based sizing agents. ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka nui o ka rosin i hoʻopuehu ʻia he kaʻina kino a kemika, kahi e hoʻomoʻa ai ka rosin paʻa i ka wela a lilo i rosin wai. Aia kahi ʻāʻī nui ma waena o ka wai rosin a me ka wai, a ʻo ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i kēia haʻahaʻa interfacial hiki ke hoʻokō wale ʻia ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā surfactants. ʻO nā mea hoʻoheheʻe a me nā mea hoʻopuehu no ka hoʻopuehu ʻana i ka ʻōpala rosin he mau surfactants ʻelua. ʻO ke koho ʻana i ka surfactant kūpono ke kī i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka dispersed gum rosin, a ʻo nā mea maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia me nā mea anionic, cationic, a me zwitterionic. ʻO ka emulsifier maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia ma Kina he anionic dispersed rosin gum, a ʻo nā emulsifiers maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia he polyoxyethylene type, e like me ka fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, sodium 2-hydroxy-3- (styrene glycol) acrylic sulfonate, sodium 2-hydroxy-3- (nonylphenoxy polyoxyethylene ether phosphate) etc. e like me ka cationic polyacrylamide, polyamide polyamide epichlorohydrin, a me ka cationic starch i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka nui rosin dispersed cationic.

Hoʻokomo nui ʻia nā mea hoʻopaʻa hoʻopaʻa synthetic alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) a me alkyl succinic anhydride (ASA). Ua ʻike ʻia kēia mau ʻano mea hoʻohālikelike ʻelua he mau mea hoʻohālikelike reactive no ka mea aia i loko o lākou nā pūʻulu hana ikaika e hiki ke hana me nā pūʻulu hydroxyl o nā fibers a noho ma nā fibers. Ma muli o ko lākou hiki ke hoʻokipa i nā kūlana pH kiʻekiʻe (pH=7.5-8.5), kaulana kēia ʻano mea hoʻohana nui i ka ʻoihana pepa no ka mea hiki iā ia ke hoʻohana i ka calcium carbonate inexpensive i mea hoʻopiha e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ikaika, keʻokeʻo, a me ka hana pepa pepa. I kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ma mua o 50% o ka pepa kiʻekiʻe ma nā ʻāina i kūkulu ʻia ua loaʻa i ka medium to alkaline papermaking. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻo AKD a me ASA i ka wai, a hiki ke hoʻomākaukau ʻia kahi lotion AKD kūpaʻa ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka polyoxyethylene type non-ionic surfactant e like me ka emulsifier.

I loko o ke kaʻina hana bleaching o ka pulp i mālama ʻia me nā surfactants no ka hoʻomalu resin, e kahe ka resin koena. Inā ʻaʻole i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ka manawa, e hana ia i nā waihona viscous e pili ana i nā mea hana, ka mīkini pepa keleawe mesh, ka lole huluhulu, a me nā cylinders maloʻo, e hoʻopilikia ai i ka hana pepa, e pili ana i ka hana pepa maʻamau, a me nā maʻi pepa. Eia kekahi, me ka hoʻohana nui ʻana o ka pepa ʻōpala i kēia lā, hiki i nā mea i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka resin e like me nā adhesives, ink binders, a me ka uhi ʻana i loko o ka pepa ʻōpala ke hana i nā pale resin e pili ana i ka hana pepa. No laila, ua lilo ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mea hoʻomalu pale resin.

ʻO nā mea hoʻomalu pale resin maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia i nā mea hoʻopihapiha inorganic (e like me ka pauka talc), fungicides, surfactants, chelating agents, cationic polymers, lipases, a me nā mea hoʻokaʻawale membrane. ʻO nā surfactants i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia he anionic surfactants, ʻo ia ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia i kēia manawa, me ka ʻoi aku ka nui o ka waiʻona sulfates, alkylbenzene sulfonic acids, a me nā ʻona kiʻekiʻe, phosphates, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā surfactants non ionic ka nui o ka polyethylene glycol a me nā polyols. Eia kekahi, aia nā amphoteric surfactants a me nā ʻano multicomponent complexes. ʻO ka mea hoʻokaʻawale he mea hoʻomalu resin hoʻi i hoʻohana ʻia e kāohi i ka hoʻopili ʻana ma waena o ka mea maloʻo a me ka pepa pepa, e hoʻoluliluli i ka ʻōpala a me ka mea maloʻo, a e kāohi i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka mea hoʻopili. Hoʻopili nui ia i ka wai wai polyamide polymer, e like me ka waiʻona polyvinyl alcohol, ka aila mineral a me ka papa hoʻohālikelike surfactant e hoʻoheheʻe ana i ka wai silikona organik a me ka polyamine polyamide cationic polymer.

Surfactant no ka defoaming

I ke kaʻina hana pepa, loaʻa i ka pulp kahi liʻiliʻi o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kūlohelohe maoli a hoʻohui ʻia e like me nā mea ʻenehana a me nā mea momona momona, a me nā mea hoʻopalekana foam e like me nā polymers synthetic a me ka starch. No laila, e puka mai ana ka hu'ahu'a, e pilikia ana e like me ka naha ana o ka pepa a me na puka ma ka pepa. ʻO nā mea hana nui o nā defoamers i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana ʻana i ka pepa, ʻo ia nā waiʻona kalapona kiʻekiʻe, polyethers, fatty acid esters, organic silicon polymers, etc.

Mea palupalu no ka hana pepa

ʻO ka palupalu e pili ana i ka hiki o nā surfactants ke hana i nā pūʻulu hydrophobic ma luna o ka ʻili o nā fibers a adsorb iā lākou i kahi ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, e hōʻemi ana i nā coefficient dynamic a me static friction o ka mea fiber, a laila e loaʻa ai ka ʻoluʻolu a palupalu. ʻO ka wīnega sulfuric acid, ka ʻaila castor sulfonated, a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe anionic ʻē aʻe e hōʻike ana i ka hopena palupalu ke hoʻopili ʻia ma ka ʻili o nā fiber.

Hiki i nā pūʻulu cationic i loko o nā surfactants cationic ke hoʻopaʻa pololei me nā fibers i hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻia, ʻoiai nā pūʻulu hydrophobic e hana i nā wahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma waho o nā fibers, e hopena i ka loli maikaʻi. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo Fatty acid bisamide epichlorohydrin no ka pepa me nā koi flexibility kiʻekiʻe, e like me ka pepa toilet, pepa wrinkle, napkins sanitary, handkerchiefs, napkins, etc.

Loaʻa i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe bipolar ionic ka laulā o nā noi. Hiki i kā lākou mau pūʻulu cationic ke hoʻopaʻa me nā fibers, aʻo kā lākou mau hui anionic hiki ke hoʻopaʻa me nā fibers ma o nā polyelectrolytes a i ʻole nā ​​ion alumini i loko o ka pulp. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohālikelike i nā hui hydrophobic i waho, e hōʻemi nui ana i ka ikehu o ka honua. ʻO nā laʻana o ia mau surfactants he 1 (. 9 'aminoethyl). 2. He ʻumikūmāhiku mau huaʻakika alkyl imidazoline carboxylic. Eia kekahi, loaʻa i nā surfactants cationic a me amphoteric nā mea antibacterial a me nā waiwai bactericidal, hiki ke pale pono i ka pepa mai ka pala.

No nā surfactants kūikawā nā organosilicon surfactants, a hoʻohana nui ʻia nā paʻakai ammonium cationic organosilicon quaternary e like me nā mea palupalu. Nui nō hoʻi nā ʻano mea palupalu, e like me ka stearic acid polyoxyethylene ester, polyoxyethylene lanolin, emulsified wax, etc.

Mea palupalu no ka hana pepa

ʻO ka palupalu e pili ana i ka hiki o nā surfactants ke hana i nā pūʻulu hydrophobic ma luna o ka ʻili o nā fibers a adsorb iā lākou i kahi ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, e hōʻemi ana i nā coefficient dynamic a me static friction o ka mea fiber, a laila e loaʻa ai ka ʻoluʻolu a palupalu. ʻO ka wīnega sulfuric acid, ka ʻaila castor sulfonated, a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe anionic ʻē aʻe e hōʻike ana i ka hopena palupalu ke hoʻopili ʻia ma ka ʻili o nā fiber.

Hiki i nā pūʻulu cationic i loko o nā surfactants cationic ke hoʻopaʻa pololei me nā fibers i hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻia, ʻoiai nā pūʻulu hydrophobic e hana i nā wahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma waho o nā fibers, e hopena i ka loli maikaʻi. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo Fatty acid bisamide epichlorohydrin no ka pepa me nā koi flexibility kiʻekiʻe, e like me ka pepa toilet, pepa wrinkle, napkins sanitary, handkerchiefs, napkins, etc.

Loaʻa i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe bipolar ionic ka laulā o nā noi. Hiki i kā lākou mau pūʻulu cationic ke hoʻopaʻa me nā fibers, aʻo kā lākou mau hui anionic hiki ke hoʻopaʻa me nā fibers ma o nā polyelectrolytes a i ʻole nā ​​ion alumini i loko o ka pulp. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohālikelike i nā hui hydrophobic i waho, e hōʻemi nui ana i ka ikehu o ka honua. ʻO nā laʻana o ia mau surfactants he 1 (. 9 'aminoethyl). 2. He ʻumikūmāhiku mau huaʻakika alkyl imidazoline carboxylic. Eia kekahi, loaʻa i nā surfactants cationic a me amphoteric nā mea antibacterial a me nā waiwai bactericidal, hiki ke pale pono i ka pepa mai ka pala.

No nā surfactants kūikawā nā organosilicon surfactants, a hoʻohana nui ʻia nā paʻakai ammonium cationic organosilicon quaternary e like me nā mea palupalu.

Nui nō hoʻi nā ʻano mea palupalu, e like me ka stearic acid polyoxyethylene ester, polyoxyethylene lanolin, emulsified wax, etc.

ʻAi kūʻokoʻa

I ka hana ʻana i ka pepa i hoʻoponopono ʻia, i kekahi manawa hiki ke loaʻa nā pilikia anti-static. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā surfactants e mālama i ka wai hiki ke hana i kahi ʻili o waho hydrophilic. ʻO ia hoʻi, ma ke ʻano he anti-static agent, hoʻokumu ka surfactant i kahi adsorption maikaʻi ma ka ʻili o ka mea, e hana ana i kahi hui hydrophobic ma ka ʻili waiwai. Hoʻonui nā pūʻulu Hydrophilic i ka lewa, hoʻonui i ka conductivity ion a me ka conductivity absorption moisture o nā fibers, ka hopena i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana a me ka emi ʻana o ka pale ʻana o ka ʻili, no laila e pale ai i ka hōʻiliʻili uila static. ʻO nā surfactants i hoʻohana ʻia e like me nā mea anti-static he mau pūʻulu hydrophobic nui a me nā pūʻulu hydrophilic ikaika. ʻO nā surfactants cationic ka hoʻohana kiʻekiʻe loa a me ka hana maikaʻi loa, a ukali ʻia e nā surfactants amphoteric.

Hoʻopuehu fiber

ʻO ka hana nui o nā dispersants fiber ʻo ia ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka flocculation fiber a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana pepa. Hiki i nā mea hoʻopuehu fiber ke hana i kahi ʻāpana bilayer ma ka ʻili o nā fiber. ʻO ka hopena polar o ka dispersant o waho he pilina ikaika me ka wai, e hoʻonui ana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka wai a me ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka uila static e hoʻopuehu. ʻO nā mea hoʻopuehu fiber maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia me ka polyacrylamide (PAM), ka polyethylene oxide (PlEO), a me nā mea ʻē. ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 0.05% i ka pepa halepaku kiʻekiʻe e hiki ke loaʻa ka hopena dispersion maikaʻi.

Ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka nui o ka ʻili a me ka uhi ʻana i ka hana pepa

ʻO ka nui ʻana o ka ʻili a me ka uhi ʻana e pili ana i ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā kemika i ka ʻili o ka pepa, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā waiwai o ka ʻili, hoʻomaikaʻi i kāna hana paʻi ʻana, a me ka pololei holoʻokoʻa. Akā he nui nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā mea ʻelua, ʻo ka ʻokoʻa nui ʻo ka hoʻohana pinepine ʻana o ka gluing i nā mea hoʻopili wale nō, ʻoiai ke hoʻohana nei ka uhi ʻana i nā adhesives a me nā puaʻa; Hoʻopili ʻia ka mea hoʻopili i hoʻohana ʻia no ka uhi ʻana i ka ʻili i loko o ka pepa, aʻo ka puaʻa i kau ʻia ma ka ʻili o ka pepa.

Surfactants no ka nui o ka ili

Wahi a ka mea, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā huahana kūlohelohe a hoʻololi ʻia a me nā huahana synthetic; Wahi a ka waiwai ionic, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā ʻano anionic, cationic a me non-ionic; e like me ke ʻano o ka huahana, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ke ʻano wai a me ke ʻano lotion. ʻO nā mea hoʻopili maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia he hydrophobic a me nā pūʻulu hydrophilic, no laila ma ka ʻōlelo ākea, he surfactants lākou āpau. ʻO ka nui o ka nui o ka ʻili o ka ʻili he starch i hoʻololi ʻia, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), a me polyacrylamide (PAM). Hiki ke koho ʻia nā mea hoʻohālikelike ʻili like ʻole e like me nā pono like ʻole. No ka laʻana: ① No ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka wai, AKD, dispersed rosin, paraffin, chromium chloride stearate, styrene maleic anhydride copolymer, a me nā latex resin synthetic ʻē aʻe; ② No ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ʻaila, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia nā pūhui fluorinated organik e like me perfluoroalkyl acrylate copolymers, perfluorooctanoic acid chromium complexes, perfluoroalkyl phosphates, etc. ④ E hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana paʻi ʻana, me ka hoʻohana nui ʻana i ka starch i hoʻololi ʻia, CMC, PVA, etc. I mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka hopena o ka nui o ka ʻili, he mea maʻamau ka hoʻohana ʻana i ʻelua a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea hoʻohālikelike, a he mea nui ka hopena.

ʻO nā surfactants uhi

ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā uhi no ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka uhi ʻana i ka nui o nā adhesives, pigments, a me nā mea hoʻohui ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka uhi ponoʻī he hui paʻakikī, a ʻokoʻa ia ma muli o nā koi pepa kikoʻī a me ka haku mele. He kuleana koʻikoʻi ka Surfactants i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā uhi pepa, ka mea nui me nā dispersants uhi, defoamers, lubricants, preservatives, anti-static agents, a me synthetic latex.

ʻO ka dispersant uhi: ʻO ia ka mea hoʻohui koʻikoʻi i nā uhi, ʻo ka hapa nui o ia mau mea he surfactants. ʻO kāna hana, ʻo ia ka ① hāʻawi i nā ʻāpana puaʻa me nā uku, e hoʻoulu ai iā lākou i nā mana hoʻopailua me kekahi; ② Uhi ʻia ka ʻili o nā ʻāpana puaʻa, hana ia ma ke ʻano he colloid pale; ③ Hoʻokumu i kahi kūlana viscosity kiʻekiʻe a puni nā ʻāpana i mea e pale ai i nā ʻāpana he nui mai ka hui ʻana. ʻO nā dispersants mua loa i hoʻohana ʻia he phosphates, polysilicates, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, ka huahana condensation o benzenesulfonic acid a formaldehyde, casein, Arabic resin, etc. I loko o nā uhi paʻa paʻa kiʻekiʻe, nā mea hoʻopuehu organika kiʻekiʻe e like me ka sodium polyacrylate solution, sodium polymethacrylate a me kāna mau mea hoʻohui, disodium salt solution o diisobutylene maleic anhydride copolymer, a me ka alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether a me ka momona momona polyoxyethylene ether.

Defoamer: hana pinepine ʻia ka ʻūhā i ke kaʻina o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka uhi a me ka uhi ʻana, a pono e hoʻohui ʻia ka defoamer. Aia ka nui o nā waiʻona kiʻekiʻe, nā esters waikawa momona, tributyl phosphate, tripropyl phosphate, etc.

Lubricant: I mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka wai a me ka lubricity o nā uhi pepa, e hoʻonui i ka adhesion, e hāʻawi i nā ʻāpana pepa i ka maʻalahi a me ka luster, e hoʻonui i ka plasticity, e pale i ka haki ʻana, a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka paʻi o ka pepa i uhi ʻia, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia nā lubricants. ʻO nā lubricants i hoʻohana nui ʻia i kēia manawa, ʻo ia nā surfactant soap metala hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai i hōʻike ʻia e ka calcium stearate, a ʻo ka sodium stearate wai-soluble lubricants kekahi hopena koʻikoʻi. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā paraffin hydrocarbons a me nā amine momona e like me nā lubricants.

Preservatives: Hiki i kekahi mau mea hoʻopili maoli ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa a me ka ulu ʻana o ka polū, no laila pono e hoʻohui ʻia nā spines anti-corrosion i nā uhi pepa. Quaternary ammonium cationic surfactants, fluorinated cyclic pūhui, organic bromine a me sulfur pūhui, N - (2-benzimidazolyl) carbamate (carbendazim), etc.

Antistatic agent: Ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka octadecyltrimethylammonium fluoride, polyoxyethylene sorbitan ester, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, polystyrene sulfonate, etc.

ʻO ka Latex Synthetic: He mea hoʻopili koʻikoʻi ka Latex synthetic. I ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka latex synthetic, he mea nui ka surfactants ma ke ʻano he emulsifiers, dispersants, stabilizers, etc.
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