ʻO kā mākou huahana nui

Mai ko lākou komoʻana i ka hanaʻoihana ma nā makahiki 1940, ua nui ka hoʻohanaʻiaʻana o nā mea hana a he "msg o kaʻoihana." Loaʻa i nā molle Guitant i nā hiʻohiʻona Amphiphilic Ke hilinaʻi nei i ka pae o ka hydrophilic i nā'āpana hydrophobic a me ka hana molela, nā mea e hōʻike ana i nā waiwai likeʻole. Loaʻa iā lākou kahiʻano o nāʻano kaukani, me ka hoʻopiʻiʻana, e holoi ana a iʻole antiboudition paha, ka holoiʻana, a me ka hoʻopiʻiʻana, a me nā hana a me ka hoʻopiʻiʻana. ʻO kēia mau mea waiwai waiwai he mea nui no ka hoʻopiliʻana i kaʻatikala a me ka hoʻoiliʻana. Hōʻike nā helu helu ma luna o nāʻano he 3,000 mauʻano o nā mea hana i loko o ke kaʻina hana,ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻokaʻawale, e lawe ana, a me ka hoʻopauʻana, a hoʻopauʻana. ʻO kā lākou kuleana e hoʻonui i ka maikaʻi o nā kiʻi, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana ulana o nā yarns, a me ka manawa pōkole pōkole; Pēlā, hāʻawi nui nā mea hana i nāʻoihana kiko'ī.

 

1. Nā noi noi o nā mea e pili ana i nāʻoihana

 

1.1 Ke kaʻina hana holoi

Ma ka hana holoi holoiʻana i ka hoʻoiliʻana i ka'ōleloʻana, he mea nui ia e noʻonoʻo aiʻaʻole wale ka hopena holoi holoi a me nā pilikia o ka lole. Nolaila, o ka hana ana o na mea hana hou e haawi ai i ka hoomau maikai ana i ka wā e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ana i ka palupalu a me ka pale o ka lole o ke maka o nā mea noiʻi i kēia lā. Me ka hoʻonuiʻana o kaʻikeʻana i ka mālamaʻana i ke kaiāulu a me nā mea iʻikeʻia e nā mea kūʻai aku ma ka'ōleloʻana.

1.2ʻO ka hoʻoili DYY

E mālama i nā mea e lawelawe i nā multifaceted multifaceted, e hana ana i nā mea kanuʻelua no nā mea hoʻopiʻi no ka hoʻoiliʻana a me nā mea hoʻokele kiʻekiʻe. I kēia manawa, ua hoʻohana nuiʻia nā kumuwaiwai Anionic e like me nā mea hānai, e hui pū me Naphthalene Sulfonate-formaldehyde a me nā lignin sulfonates. ʻO nā kumuwaiwai noniotionic e like me nā nonnylphenol ethoylates e like me nāʻano'ē aʻe. Loaʻa i nā mea kanu cition a me nā mea kūʻai aku ma nā palena ma ke noiʻana. E like me nā hana hana dyeing hou, e like me ka microwave dye, foom dyeing, digutal

1,3 mau mea lawelawe

Ma mua o ka doenging a me ka pauʻana, nā leka uila ma lalo o ka hana ma mua o ka poho e like me ka pohō a me ka haunaele, hiki ke hopena i kahi kūlana paʻakikī. E hāʻawi i kahi paʻa, a me ka lima haʻahaʻa, a me ka lima palupalu, nā mea a nā mea a me ka hapa nui o nā mea he mea e pono ai. Ua hoʻohanaʻia nā mea hoʻonaninani anionen Ua kūpono kekahi mauʻano no ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā aila i loko o nā'āpana e like me nā'āpana e pili ana, e komo pū ana i kaʻaila salfsuccicci

ʻO nā mea hoʻonaninani noniotionic e hana i nā lima e like me nā anionic Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohanaʻia me nā Arionic a iʻole nā ​​mea hana hoʻokūkū a iʻole nā ​​mea i hoʻopaʻaʻia akā ua loaʻa i ka nui Ua noi muaʻia lākou i ka post ʻO nā papa e like me nā pona o nā pentarythtoll momona momona a me nā mea momona momona a sorbitas.

Hōʻike nā kumuwaiwai citanic i ka hoʻopaʻaʻana me nā mea likeʻole, he wela wela a me ka holoiʻana i ka holoiʻana, e hāʻawi ana i kahi mea momona a me ka palupalu Ke hāʻawi nei lākou i nā waiwai antistatic antistatic a me nā hopena maikaʻi maikaʻi loa, e hana ana iā lākou i ka mea nui a nui loa. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea kanu cantic he nitrogen e pili ana i nā colpounds, maʻamau e pili ana i nā sallemary geturnary. Ma waena o lākou,ʻo DihydroxySet e kū nei i nā hui ambium e kū nei no kā lākou mau hopena maikaʻi loa,ʻoiai he nui a me ka pākaukau ʻO kahi hanauna hou o nā huahana Green nā mea e pili ana i nā mea kanu me Ester, a me nā huiʻo Amide

1.4

E hoʻopau ai a pale aku paha i kahi uila static i hanaʻia i nā kaʻina hana likeʻole a me nā mea hana fobric e koi ai i ke kaʻina hana. ʻO kā lākou hana mua e hāʻawi i nā mea e pono ai ka mālamaʻana i nā mea kūʻai aku a me ka hoʻonuiʻana i nā mea kanu a me ka hoʻonuiʻana i nā waiwai e pili ana i nā waiwai. Ma waena o nā mea hana,ʻo Aniiotic Anticatic a me nā kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻiʻiaʻo aninicatic. Nāʻaila momona, nā momona momona, a me nā momona momona-carbon e hiki ai ke hāʻawi i nā altistic a me nā mea kanu, a me nā waiwai. ʻO Alkyl Sulfates,ʻoi aku ka nui o nā Salts Salts a me Ethanolamine Salts, loaʻa i kahi kūpono antistatic kiʻekiʻe.

Eia kekahi, AlinkylphaphaHhephete ethoylate e kū ana i waena o nā mea antionic antionic antiticatic i kā lākou hana maikaʻi loa. ʻO ka maʻamau maʻamau,ʻaʻole wale nā ​​mea kanu citanic i nā antistic antistic a me nā mea e hāʻawi ai i nā waiwai libricating a me nā fethession. Hoʻokomoʻia kā lākou kiʻi kiʻi i ka loliʻole o ka dye kalima Ua hoʻohanaʻia nā mea kanu citanic e like me nā antisticice antistic i nā mea nui o nā hui ambuil a me nā momona momona. Nā mea kupanaha zwitter

Hōʻike nā kumu nonionic i ka mana ikaika ikaika a he kūpono no nā kūlana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o nā fibers. ʻAʻole lākou e pili i ka hanaʻo Dye a hiki ke hoʻoponopono i ka Viscosity ma luna o kahi ākea ākea a me ka momona nui o keʻano he nui.

1.5 PENTRASS a me nā hui holoi holoi

ʻO nā mea hana a me nā mea e hoʻopili ai i nā mea hoʻohui e hoʻolaha ai i ka waihoʻoluʻu a iʻole nā ​​lole lole i loko o ka wai i loko o ka wai i loko o keʻano o ka wai. ʻO nā mea kanu eʻae i nā wai e komo ai a hoʻomaikaʻi paha i ka hōʻiliʻiliʻana o ka wai i loko o nā mea he nui. ʻO ke komoʻana e pili ana i ka hopena o ka hoʻopauʻana i ka hopena mua. ʻO ka paleʻana i nā mea e pili ana i ke kiʻekiʻe o kahi mea e pālahalaha ana i kahi wai ma luna o kahi papa paʻa ma luna o ka hoʻopiliʻana. No laila, hoʻohanaʻia nā mea a me nā mea hoʻonaninani a me nā mea hoʻohana e like me nā kaʻina hana ma mua e like me ka makemakeʻana, a me ka hoʻopauʻana i nā kaʻina hana.

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona e pono ai nā mea e pono ai a me nā mea hoʻokele e pili ana i nā apana e komo ai: 1) pale i ka wai paʻakikī a me ka alkali; 2)ʻO ka hana ikaika ikaika e hiki ai i ka manawa hana pōkole; 3)ʻO ka hoʻomaikaʻi nuiʻana o ka capillarity o nā lole i mālamaʻia. ʻAʻole kūpono nā mea kanu ctation e like me nā mea e hoʻopau ai no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke hoʻolaha i nā fibers a me ka paleʻana. Loaʻa i nā mea kūʻai aku Zwitterionic i nā palena i ka noi. No laila, hoʻohanaʻia nā mea kanu e like me nā mea e like me nā mea a me nā mea e pono ai nā mea e pono ai i nā mea a me nā mea hana o nā anionic a me nā mea nononic. Eia kekahi, hoʻohanaʻia nā mea hana ma keʻano o kaʻoihana i hoʻohanaʻia e like me nā mea a me nā mea a me nāʻoihana, a me nā mea hana hana.

ʻO Alkyl Polyglucoies (Apg) he synthetant bio-ciaretant bio-ch-christheted mai nā mea momona momona a me nā glucose i loaʻa mai nā kumuwaiwai hou. Heʻano hou o ka mea nona ka nononic me ka hana paʻaʻana, e hui pū ana i nā waiwai o nā kumuwaiwai nontion a me nāʻano anionic. Ua hoʻomaopopoʻiaʻo ia keʻano o keʻano he "Green" Green "First" Friendly Friend, hōʻikeʻia e ka hana kiʻekiʻe, maikaʻi maikaʻi.